ʻO ka sensor kūlana Camshaft kahi mea ʻike, i kapa ʻia ʻo synchronous signal sensor, he cylinder discrimination positioning device, hoʻokomo i ka hōʻailona kūlana camshaft i ECU, ʻo ia ka hōʻailona hoʻomalu.
1, hana a me ke ʻano Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS), ʻo kāna hana ʻo ia e hōʻiliʻili i ka hōʻailona Angle neʻe ʻana o Camshaft, a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka mana uila (ECU), i mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka manawa ignition a me ka manawa wahie. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS) ma ke ʻano he Cylinder Identification Sensor (CIS), i mea e ʻike ai mai ka crankshaft Position Sensor (CPS), ua hōʻike ʻia nā mea ʻike kūlana Camshaft e CIS. ʻO ka hana o ka sensor kūlana camshaft e hōʻiliʻili i ka hōʻailona kūlana o ka camshaft puʻupuʻu kinoea a hoʻokomo iā ia i ka ECU, i hiki i ka ECU ke ʻike i ka piko o ke kikowaena make o ka cylinder 1, i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka hoʻokele wahie hoʻokele, ka mana manawa a me ka mana deignition. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka hōʻailona kūlana camshaft e ʻike i ka manawa hoʻomaka mua i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka mīkini. Ma muli o ka hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ke kūlana o ka pahu pahu pahu e kokoke ana e hiki i TDC, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka cylinder recognition sensor. ke kumu ʻike. Ma ke kūlana kokoke i ka lihi o ka pā hōʻailona e hana i ka radian manawa like ʻole i loko a i waho i ʻelua pōʻai o nā puka māmā. Ma waena o lākou, ua hana ʻia ke apo o waho me nā puka aniani 360 (gaps), a ʻo ka radian interval he 1. (Ua helu ʻia ka puka Transparent no 0.5., ʻo ka lua shading i helu ʻia no 0.5.), i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka crankshaft rotation a me ka hōʻailona wikiwiki; He 6 mau puka akaka (retangular L) i loko o ke apo i loko, me ka wā o 60 radians. , Hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻopuka i ka hōʻailona TDC o kēlā me kēia cylinder, i waena o ia mea he rectangle me kahi ākea ākea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka hōʻailona TDC o ka cylinder 1. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mea hana hōʻailona ma ka hale ʻike, kahi i haku ʻia me Ne hōʻailona (wikiwiki a me ka Angle hōʻailona) generator, G hōʻailona (luna make waena hōʻailona) generator a me ka kaapuni kaʻina hana. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hōʻailona Ne a me ka mea hana G hōʻailona me kahi diode māmā (LED) a me kahi transistor photosensitive (a i ʻole photosensitive diode), ʻelua LED e kū pono ana i nā transistors photosensitive ʻelua. Ke hoʻololi ka puka transmittance māmā ma ka disk hōʻailona ma waena o ka LED a me ka transistor photosensitive, e hoʻomālamalama ka kukui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka LED i ka transistor photosensitive, i kēia manawa ke kau nei ka transistor photosensitive, kona ʻohi ʻohi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (0.1 ~ O. 3V); Ke hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻāpana pale o ka disk hōʻailona ma waena o LED a me ka transistor photosensitive, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kukui i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka LED ke hoʻomālamalama i ka transistor photosensitive, i kēia manawa e ʻoki ʻia ka transistor photosensitive, ʻo kāna mea hōʻiliʻili kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (4.8 ~ 5.2V). ʻO ka mea hōʻiliʻili transistor e hoʻopuka i nā pae kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa. Ke hoʻololi ʻia ke koʻikoʻi sensor me ka crankshaft a me ka camshaft me ka puka kukui hōʻailona ma ka pā a me ka ʻāpana pale ma waena o ka LED a me ka transistor photosensitive huli ʻia, ʻo ke kukui kukui LED e hoʻololi i ka irradiation i ka mea hoʻomohala hōʻailona o ka transistor photosensitive, hana ʻia ka sensor a me ka crankshaft a me ka crankshaft hōʻailona e pili ana i ke kūlana pulse. hoʻololi i ka hōʻailona i hoʻokahi manawa, no laila e hoʻopuka ka mea ʻike hōʻailona G i ʻeono mau puʻupuʻu. E hoʻopuka ʻo Ne signal sensor i nā hōʻailona pulse 360. No ka mea, he 60 ka manawa radian o ka puka lawe malamalama o ka hoailona G. A he 120 no ka huli ana o ka crankshaft. Hoʻopuka ia i kahi hōʻailona hoʻoulu, no laila ua kapa pinepine ʻia ka hōʻailona G 120. ʻO ka hōʻailona. Hōʻoia hoʻonohonoho hoʻolālā 120. Hōʻailona 70 ma mua o TDC. (BTDC70. , A me ka hoailona i hanaia e ka puka aniani me ka laula rectangular iki loihi e like me 70 ma mua o ka luna make kikowaena o engine cylinder 1. No laila, hiki i ka ECU ke hoʻomalu i ka injection mua Angle a me ka ignition mua Angle. No ka mea Ne hōʻailona transmittance puka waena radian mea 1. (Transparent puka helu no ka 0.5. Puke helu no kēlā me kēia puʻu. ka pōʻaiapuni, ka pae kiʻekiʻe a me ka helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no 1 ka huli ʻana o ka Crankshaft, hōʻike nā hōʻailona 360 i ka huli ʻana o ka crankshaft 720. ʻO kēlā me kēia hoʻololi o ka crankshaft he 120. , Hoʻopuka ka mea hōʻailona hōʻailona i hoʻokahi hōʻailona, ʻo Ne hōʻailona hōʻailona e hoʻopuka i nā hōʻailona 60. ʻO ke ʻano induction magnetic ke hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano ʻano o ka hale hoʻokipa amplitude, e like me ka mea i hoikeia ma ke Kii 1. Hoohana ka hope i ka loina o ka induction magnetic no ka hoopuka ana i na hoailona kūlana nona ka amplitude e like me ke alapine e like me ka wikiwiki mai kekahi mau haneri millivolts a hiki i ka haneri volts, a he okoa loa ka amplitude. a me ka rotor, ka rotor salient niho, ka ea ea ma waena o ka rotor salient niho a me ka stator magnetic poʻo, ka magnetic alakaʻi plate a me ka paʻa magnet S pole I ka manawa o ka hōʻailona rotor e hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia manawa, a ʻo ke kuʻekuʻe magnetic o ke kaapuni magnetic a me ka flux magnetic ma o ke poʻo coil hōʻailona e hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia manawa Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka puʻupuʻu sensing. I ka wā e hoʻohuli ai ka rotor hōʻailona ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka manawa, e emi ka ea ma waena o nā niho convex rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic, e emi ana ka manaʻo hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, piʻi ka flux φ, piʻi ka piʻi ʻana o ka flux (dφ/dt>0), a me ka ikaika electromotive i hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo E piʻi ʻoi loa ka flux φ, ʻo ka nui loa o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka flux [D φ/dt=(dφ/dt) Max], a ʻo ka ikaika electromotive i hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo E ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa (E=Emax Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka rotor a puni ke kūlana o ka helu B, ʻoiai ke piʻi nei ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kikowaena uila. laina o ka niho convex a me ka laina waena o ke poʻo magnetic, ʻoiai ʻo ka ea ma waena o ka niho convex rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, ʻo ke kūpaʻa magnetic o ke kaapuni magnetic ka liʻiliʻi loa, a ʻo ka flux magnetic φ ka mea nui loa, akā no ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻomau i ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka flux magnetic, no laila ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻaoʻao electromotive i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka electromotive. Haʻalele ka niho convex i ke poʻo magnetic, piʻi ka ea ma waena o ka niho convex a me ke poʻo magnetic, piʻi ka manaʻo hoʻokaʻawale kaapuni, a ke emi nei ka flux magnetic (dφ/dt< 0), no laila ʻino ka ikaika electrodynamic i hoʻokomo ʻia Ke huli ka niho convex i ka ʻaoʻao o ka haʻalele ʻana i ke poʻo magnetic, hiki i ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka φ ʻoi loa. φ/df=-(dφ/dt) Max], a hiki i ka ikaika electromotive i hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo E i ka palena maikaʻi ʻole (E= -emax). No laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻohuli ai ka rotor hōʻailona i ka niho convex, e hoʻopuka ka sensor coil i ka ikaika electromotive hoʻololi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻike ʻia ka ikaika electromotive i ka hōʻailona ʻoi loa ʻAʻole pono ia i ka mana o waho, e hoʻololi i ka ikehu mechanical i ka ikehu uila, a ʻaʻole e nalowale kona ikehu i ka manawa e loli ai ka wikiwiki o ka mīkini, e loli ka wikiwiki o nā niho convex o ka rotor. ʻO nā niho a me ke poʻo magnetic e pili pono i ke kū'ēʻana o ke kaapuni magnetic a me ka voltage puka o ka coil sensor,ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololiʻia ka ea ma waena o nā niho convex rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic i ka makemake inā hoʻololi ke ea, pono e hoʻololiʻia e like me nā mea i hoʻolālāʻia. Crankshaft position sensor: Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea ʻike mana hoʻokele crankshaft o Jetta AT, GTX a me Santana 2000GSi ma ka poloka cylinder kokoke i ka paʻa i loko o ka crankcase, ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ka mīkini hōʻailona a me ka rotor hōʻailona. Ua kapa ʻia ka coil sensing coil, a ua hoʻopili ʻia ke poʻo magnetic i ka magnet mau. ʻO ke poʻo magnetic e kū pono ana i ka rotor hōʻailona ʻano diski niho i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka crankshaft, a ua hoʻopili ʻia ke poʻo magnetic me ka ʻauamo magnetic (magnetic guide plate) e hana i kahi loop alakaʻi alakaʻi. ʻAʻole nalo ka niho nui i ka hōʻailona kuhikuhi, e pili ana i ka ʻenekini pahu 1 a i ʻole ka cylinder 4 compression TDC ma mua o kekahi Angle. Ua like nā radians o nā niho nui me nā niho convex ʻelua a me nā niho liʻiliʻi ʻekolu. No ka mea, kaʻapuni ka rotor hōʻailona me ka crankshaft, a ʻo ka crankshaft kahuli hoʻokahi (360). , ʻo ka rotor hōʻailona hoʻi e huli hoʻokahi manawa (360). , no laila, ʻo ka crankshaft rotation Angle i noho ʻia e nā niho convex a me nā hemahema o nā niho ma ka pōʻai o ka rotor hōʻailona he 360. , ʻo ka crankshaft rotation Angle o kēlā me kēia niho convex a me nā niho liʻiliʻi he 3. (58 x 3. 57 x + 3. = 345). , 'o ka crankshaft Angle i helu 'ia e ka nui o na niho hemahema he 15. (2 x 3. + 3 x3. = 15). .2) ke kūlana hana o ka crankshaft position sensor: i ka wā e huli ai ka crankshaft position sensor me ka crankshaft, ke kumu hana o ka magnetic induction sensor, ka hōʻailona o ka rotor i huli i ka niho convex, sensing coil e hoʻohua i ka emf alternating periodic (electromotive force i ka maximum a me ka liʻiliʻi), e hoʻopuka ka coil i kahi hōʻailona uila e like me ia. No ka mea, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka rotor hōʻailona me kahi niho nui e hoʻohua i ka hōʻailona kuhikuhi, no laila ke huli ka niho nui i ke poʻo magnetic, lōʻihi ka manawa o ka uila hōʻailona, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka hōʻailona puka he hōʻailona pulse ākea, e pili ana i kekahi Angle ma mua o ka cylinder 1 a i ʻole cylinder 4 compression TDC. I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona pulse ākea i ka mana uila (ECU), hiki iā ia ke ʻike e hiki mai ana ke kūlana TDC kiʻekiʻe o ka cylinder 1 a i ʻole 4. E like me ke kūlana TDC e hiki mai ana o ka cylinder 1 a i ʻole 4, pono ia e hoʻoholo e like me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka hōʻailona mai ka sensor kūlana camshaft. No ka mea he 58 mau niho convex ka rotor hōʻailona, e hoʻopuka ka coil sensor i 58 mau hōʻailona voltage alternating no kēlā me kēia hoʻololi o ka rotor hōʻailona (hoʻokahi hoʻololi o ka crankshaft engine). No laila, no kēlā me kēia 58 hōʻailona i loaʻa e ka crankshaft position sensor, ʻike ka ECU ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka crankshaft engine i hoʻokahi manawa. Inā loaʻa i ka ECU nā hōʻailona 116000 mai ka ʻike kūlana crankshaft i loko o 1min, hiki i ka ECU ke helu i ka wikiwiki o ka crankshaft n he 2000(n=116000/58=2000)r/ua; Inā loaʻa i ka ECU nā hōʻailona 290,000 i kēlā me kēia minuke mai ka mea ʻike kūlana crankshaft, helu ka ECU i ka wikiwiki crank o 5000(n= 29000/58 = 5000)r/min. Ma kēia ala, hiki i ka ECU ke helu i ka wikiwiki o ka huli ʻana o ka crankshaft e pili ana i ka helu o nā hōʻailona pulse i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia minuke mai ka crankshaft position sensor. ʻO ka hōʻailona wikiwiki a me ka hōʻailona ukana ka mea nui loa a me nā hōʻailona hoʻomalu o ka ʻōnaehana uila, hiki i ka ECU ke helu i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana hoʻomalu kumu e like me kēia mau hōʻailona ʻelua: ʻo ka mua o ka injection mua Angle (manawa), ka mua ignition mua Angle (manawa) a me ka ignition conduction Angle (ignition coil primary current on time). ʻO ka hoʻomaluʻana i ka manawa hoʻoheheʻe wahie a me ka manawa hoʻonā e pili ana i ka hōʻailona i hanaʻia e ka hōʻailona. I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ECu i ka hōʻailona i hana ʻia e ka hemahema niho nui, hoʻomalu ia i ka manawa hoʻāla, ka manawa hoʻoheheʻe wahie a me ka manawa hoʻololi mua o kēia manawa o ka coil ignition (ʻo ia hoʻi ka Angle conduction) e like me ka hōʻailona hemahema niho liʻiliʻi. a me na hapa lalo. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o luna i ka ʻike crankshaft position reference signal (ʻo ia hoʻi ka cylinder identification a me ka hōʻailona TDC, i kapa ʻia ʻo G signal) generator; Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa i ka wikiwiki crankshaft a me ka hōʻailona kihi (i kapa ʻia ʻo Ne hōʻailona) generator.1) Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka neʻe hōʻailona Ne: Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mīkini hōʻailona ma lalo o ka mīkini hōʻailona G, ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ka rotor hōʻailona No. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka rotor hōʻailona ma luna o ke kumu ʻike, hoʻokele ʻia ka pahu sensor e ka camshaft hoʻoili kinoea, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kumu i lako me ke poʻo ahi, ʻo ka rotor he 24 convex niho. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka sensing coil a me ke poʻo magnetic i ka hale ʻike, a paʻa ke poʻo magnetic i ka sensing coil.2) ka wikiwiki a me ka Angle hōʻailona hanauna kumu a me ke kaʻina hana: i ka manawa o ka crankshaft engine, nā hōʻailona hōʻailona pahu camshaft, a laila e hoʻokele i ka rotation rotor, ka rotor protruding niho a me ka ea ākea ma waena o ke poʻo magnetic e hoʻololi alternately, ʻo ka magnetic sensing coil e hoʻololi i ka magnetic sensing coil. hōʻike i loko o ka sensing coil hiki ke hana i ka ikaika electromotive inductive. No ka mea he 24 mau niho convex ka rotor hōʻailona, e hoʻopuka ka coil sensor i 24 mau hōʻailona hoʻololi i ka wā e huli ai ka rotor i hoʻokahi manawa. ʻO kēlā me kēia hoʻololi o ke kumu ʻike (360). Ua like kēia me ʻelua hoʻololi o ka crankshaft engine (720). , no laila, ua like ka hōʻailona hoʻololi (ʻo ia hoʻi ka manawa hōʻailona) me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka crank o 30. (720. I kēia manawa 24 = 30). , ua like ia me ka huli ana o ke poo ahi 15. (30. I keia manawa 2 = 15). . Ke loaʻa iā ECU nā hōʻailona 24 mai ka mea hana hōʻailona Ne, hiki ke ʻike ʻia he ʻelua kaʻawili ʻana o ka crankshaft a ʻo ke poʻo hoʻāla i hoʻokahi manawa. Hiki i ka polokalamu kūloko ECU ke helu a hoʻoholo i ka wikiwiki o ka crankshaft engine a me ka wikiwiki o ke poʻo ignition e like me ka manawa o kēlā me kēia neʻe hōʻailona Ne. I mea e hoomalu pono ai i ka Ignition advance Angle a me ka wahie injection advance Angle, ka crankshaft Angle i nohoia e kela a me keia kaapuni hoailona (30. He uuku na kihi. He mea maʻalahi loa ia e hoʻokō i kēia hana e microcomputer, a e hōʻailona ka frequency divider i kēlā me kēia Ne (crank Angle 30). Ua mahele like ia i 30 mau hōʻailona pulse. 30=1). hiki i ke kūlana TDC a me nā hōʻailona kuhikuhi ʻē aʻe, ua kapa ʻia ʻo G signal generator a me ka mea hana hōʻailona hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā mea hōʻailona hōʻailona G1 ʻO ka ʻenekini ʻeono puʻukū compression top dead center 10. ʻO ka hōʻailona i hana ʻia e G2 coil e pili ana i lO ma mua o ka hoʻopiʻi TDC o ka cylinder mua o ka engine.4) Cylinder identification and top dead center sign generation principle and control process: the working principle of G signal generator is the same as Ne. Ke hoʻohuli ka ʻenekini camshaft i ka ʻāʻī ʻike e hoʻololi, e hele ka flange o ka rotor hōʻailona G (No. 1 hōʻailona rotor) i ke poʻo magnetic o ka coil sensing alternately, a hoʻololi ke ea ma waena o ka flange rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic alternately, a e hoʻokomo ʻia ka hōʻailona ikaika electromotive alternating i ka sensing coil Gl a me G2 coil. Ke kokoke ka ʻāpana flange o ka rotor hōʻailona G i ke poʻo magnetic o ka sensing coil G1, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hōʻailona pulse maikaʻi i ka sensing coil G1, i kapa ʻia ʻo G1 hōʻailona, no ka mea, e emi ana ka ea ma waena o ka flange a me ke poʻo magnetic, piʻi ka flux magnetic a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loli. Ke kokoke ka ʻāpana flange o ka rotor hōʻailona G i ka coil sensing G2, e emi ka ea ma waena o ka flange a me ke poʻo magnetic a piʻi aʻe ka puʻu magnetic.
