SAIC MAXUS V80 Pākuʻi Pumehana Pumehana Kūʻokoʻa – ʻElima 0281002667

ʻO ka sensor kūlana Camshaft kahi mea ʻike, i kapa ʻia ʻo synchronous signal sensor, he cylinder discrimination positioning device, hoʻokomo i ka hōʻailona kūlana camshaft i ECU, ʻo ia ka hōʻailona hoʻomalu.

1, hana a me ke ʻano Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS), ʻo kāna hana ʻo ia e hōʻiliʻili i ka hōʻailona Angle neʻe ʻana o Camshaft, a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka mana uila (ECU), i mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka manawa ignition a me ka manawa wahie.ʻIke ʻia ʻo Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS) ma ke ʻano he Cylinder Identification Sensor (CIS), i mea e ʻike ai mai ka crankshaft Position Sensor (CPS), ua hōʻike ʻia nā mea ʻike kūlana Camshaft e CIS.ʻO ka hana o ka sensor kūlana camshaft e hōʻiliʻili i ka hōʻailona kūlana o ka camshaft puʻupuʻu kinoea a hoʻokomo iā ia i ka ECU, i hiki i ka ECU ke ʻike i ka piko o ke kikowaena make o ka cylinder 1, i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka mana hoʻokele wahie. ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka manawa a me ka mana deignition.Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka hōʻailona kūlana camshaft e ʻike i ka manawa hoʻomaka mua i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka mīkini.Ma muli o ka hiki ke ʻike i ke kūlana o ka camshaft i ka piston cylinder e kokoke ana e hiki i TDC, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka cylinder recognition sensor. ), nā mea hoʻopuka hōʻailona, ​​nā mea hoʻolaha, ka hale ʻike a me ka plug harness.Ma ke kūlana kokoke i ka lihi o ka pā hōʻailona e hana i ka radian manawa like ʻole i loko a i waho i ʻelua pōʻai o nā puka māmā.Ma waena o lākou, ua hana ʻia ke apo o waho me nā puka aniani 360 (gaps), a ʻo ka radian interval he 1. (Ua helu ʻia ka puka aniani no 0.5. , ʻo ka lua shading i helu ʻia no 0.5.), i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka crankshaft rotation a me ka hōʻailona wikiwiki;He 6 mau puka akaka (retangular L) i loko o ke apo i loko, me ka wā o 60 radians., Hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻopuka i ka hōʻailona TDC o kēlā me kēia cylinder, ma waena o ia mea he rectangle me kahi ākea ākea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka hōʻailona TDC o ka cylinder 1. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mea hana hōʻailona ma ka hale ʻike, i haku ʻia me ka hōʻailona Ne (wikiwiki a me ʻO ka hōʻailona angle) mīkini hana, hōʻailona G (hōʻailona waena make) mea hana a me ke kaʻapuni kaʻina hana hōʻailona.Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hōʻailona Ne a me ka mīkini hōʻailona G me kahi diode māmā (LED) a me kahi transistor photosensitive (a i ʻole photosensitive diode), ʻelua LED e kū pono ana i nā transistors photosensitive ʻelua. (LED) a me kahi transistor photosensitive (a i ʻole photodiode).Ke hoʻololi ka puka transmittance māmā ma ka disk hōʻailona ma waena o ka LED a me ka transistor photosensitive, e hoʻomālamalama ka kukui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka LED i ka transistor photosensitive, i kēia manawa ke kau nei ka transistor photosensitive, kona ʻohi ʻohi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (0.1 ~ O. 3V);Ke hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻāpana pale o ka disk hōʻailona ma waena o ka LED a me ka transistor photosensitive, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kukui i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka LED ke hoʻomālamalama i ka transistor photosensitive, i kēia manawa ua ʻoki ʻia ka transistor photosensitive, ʻo kāna mea hōʻiliʻili kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (4.8 ~ 5.2V). Inā hoʻomau ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka disk hōʻailona, ​​e hoʻohuli ka lua transmittance a me ka ʻāpana pale i ka LED i ka transmittance a i ʻole ka malu, a ʻo ka mea hōʻiliʻili transistor photosensitive e hoʻopuka i nā pae kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa.Ke hoʻololi ʻia ke koʻikoʻi sensor me ka crankshaft a me ka camshaft me ka puka kukui hōʻailona ma ka pā a me ka ʻāpana pale ma waena o ka LED a me ka transistor photosensitive e huli ana, e hoʻololi ke kukui kukui LED i ka mālamalama a me ka hopena o ka pale. transistor, hoʻopuka ʻia ka hōʻailona ʻike a me ke kūlana crankshaft a me ka camshaft e pili ana i ka hōʻailona pulse. No ka ʻelua o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka crankshaft, hoʻololi ke kumu ʻike i ka hōʻailona i hoʻokahi manawa, no laila e hoʻohua ka mea ʻike hōʻailona G i ʻeono pulses.E hoʻopuka ʻo Ne signal sensor i nā hōʻailona pulse 360.No ka mea, he 60 ka manawa radian o ka puka lawe malamalama o ka hoailona G. A he 120 no ka huli ana o ka crankshaft.Hoʻopuka ia i kahi hōʻailona hoʻoulu, no laila ua kapa pinepine ʻia ka hōʻailona G 120. ʻO ka hōʻailona.Hōʻoia hoʻonohonoho hoʻolālā 120. Hōʻailona 70 ma mua o TDC.(BTDC70. , A me ka hoailona i hanaia e ka puka aniani me ka laula rectangular iki loihi e like me 70 ma mua o ka piko make waena o ka engine cylinder. ʻO ka radian waena he 1. (Ua helu ʻia ka puka aniani no 0.5. , ʻo ka lua pale i helu ʻia no 0.5.), no laila i kēlā me kēia puʻupuʻu pulse, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no 1. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka crankshaft he 120. , Hoʻopuka ka mea ʻike hōʻailona G i hoʻokahi hōʻailona, ​​ʻo Ne signal sensor e hoʻopuka i nā hōʻailona 60. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano induction magnetic i ke ʻano Hall a me ke ʻano magnetoelectric. , e like me ka mea i hoikeia ma ke Kii 1. Hoohana ka mea hope i ka loina o ka induction magnetic no ka hana ana i na hoailona kūlana nona ka amplitude e like me ke alapine.Eia ka wehewehe kikoʻī i ka loina hana o ka mea ʻike: ʻO ke kumu hana o ke ala e hele ai ka laina mana magnetic ʻo ia ka ea ea ma waena o ka mākia paʻa N pole a me ka rotor, ka niho salient rotor, ka hakahaka ea ma waena o ka ʻO ka niho koʻikoʻi rotor a me ke poʻo mākēneki stator, ke poʻo magnetic, ka pā alakaʻi mākēneki a me ka mākia S pole mau.I ka wā e hoʻololi ai ka rotor hōʻailona, ​​e hoʻololi ke ʻano o ka ea ma ke kaapuni magnetic i kēlā me kēia manawa, a e hoʻololi ʻia ke kūpaʻa magnetic o ke kaapuni magnetic a me ka flux magnetic ma ke poʻo coil hōʻailona.E like me ke kumu o ka electromagnetic induction, alternating electromotive force e hoʻokomoʻia i loko o ka sensing coil.I ka wā e hoʻololi ai ka rotor hōʻailona i ka'ākau, e emi iho ka ea ma waena o nā niho convex rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic, e emi iho ka manaʻo magnetic circuit, ka flux magnetic φ piʻi, piʻi ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka flux (dφ/dt>0), a ʻo ka ikaika electromotive i hoʻokomo ʻia he maikaʻi (E>0).Ke kokoke nā niho convex o ka rotor i ka lihi o ke poʻo magnetic, piʻi nui ka flux φ, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka flux ka nui loa [D φ/dt=(dφ/dt) Max], a ʻo ka ikaika electromotive E. ka mea kiekie loa (E=Emax).Ma hope o ka huli ʻana o ka rotor a puni ke kūlana o ka helu B, ʻoiai ke piʻi mau nei ka flux magnetic φ, akā ke emi nei ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka flux magnetic, no laila e emi iho ka ikaika electromotive E. Ke huli ka rotor i ka laina waena o ka niho convex. a ʻo ka laina waena o ke poʻo magnetic, ʻoiai ʻo ka ea ma waena o ka niho convex rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, ʻo ke kūpaʻa magnetic o ke kaapuni magnetic ka liʻiliʻi loa, a ʻo ka flux magnetic φ ka nui loa, akā no ka mea, ʻo ka magnetic ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomau i ka piʻi ʻana o ka flux, ʻaʻole ka helu o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka flux magnetic, no laila ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia ka ikaika electromotive E. piʻi ka niho convex a me ke poʻo magnetic, piʻi ka manaʻo hoʻokae kaapuni magnetic, a ke emi nei ka flux magnetic (dφ/dt< 0), no laila ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka ikaika electrodynamic E.Ke huli ka niho convex i ka ʻaoʻao o ka haʻalele ʻana i ke poʻo magnetic, e emi nui ana ka flux φ, a hiki i ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole [D φ/df=-(dφ/dt) Max], a me ka ikaika electromotive E. hiki pū i ka palena maikaʻi ʻole (E= -emax). No laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻohuli ai ka rotor hōʻailona i ka niho convex, e hoʻopuka ka coil sensor i kahi mana electromotive hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia manawa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻike ʻia ka ikaika electromotive i kahi kiʻekiʻe a me kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, e hoʻopuka ka sensor coil i kahi hōʻailona voltage alternating like.ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi koʻikoʻi o ka sensor induction magnetic ʻaʻole pono ia i ka mana o waho, hoʻokani ka magnet mau i ka hana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu mechanical i ka ikehu uila, a ʻaʻole e nalowale kona ikehu magnetic.Ke hoʻololi ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka mīkini, e loli ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā niho convex o ka rotor, a e loli pū ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kumu.ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loli flux, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika induction electromotive i loko o ka sensor coil.No ka mea, ʻo ka ea ea ma waena o nā niho convex rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic e pili pono ana i ke kūpaʻa magnetic o ke kaapuni magnetic a me ka puka uila o ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke poʻo ʻenekona, ka ʻae ea ma waena o nā niho convex rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic ma ka makemake e hoʻohana.Inā loli ka ea, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia e like me nā ʻōlelo.Hoʻolālā ʻia ka ea ākea i loko o ka laulā o 0.2 ~ 0.4mm.2) ʻO Jetta, Santana car magnetic induction crankshaft position sensor1) Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kūlana crankshaft position sensor: Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea ʻike kiʻekiʻe induction crankshaft o Jetta AT, GTX a me Santana 2000GSi. ma ka pahu pahu kokoke i ka paʻa i loko o ka crankcase, ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ka mīkini hōʻailona a me ka rotor hōʻailona.Ua kapa ʻia ka coil sensing coil, a ua hoʻopili ʻia ke poʻo magnetic i ka magnet mau.ʻO ke poʻo magnetic e kū pono ana i ka rotor hōʻailona ʻano diski niho i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka crankshaft, a ua hoʻopili ʻia ke poʻo magnetic me ka ʻauamo magnetic (magnetic guide plate) e hana i kahi loop alakaʻi alakaʻi. nā niho convex, 57 niho liʻiliʻi a me hoʻokahi niho nui i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma kona ʻāpuni.ʻAʻole nalo ka niho nui i ka hōʻailona kuhikuhi, e pili ana i ka ʻenekini pahu 1 a i ʻole ka cylinder 4 compression TDC ma mua o kekahi Angle.Ua like nā radians o nā niho nui me nā niho convex ʻelua a me nā niho liʻiliʻi ʻekolu.No ka mea, kaʻapuni ka rotor hōʻailona me ka crankshaft, a ʻo ka crankshaft kahuli hoʻokahi (360)., ʻo ka rotor hōʻailona hoʻi e huli hoʻokahi manawa (360)., no laila ka crankshaft rotation Angle i noho ʻia e nā niho convex a me nā hemahema o nā niho ma ka pōʻai o ka rotor hōʻailona he 360. , ʻo ka crankshaft rotation Angle o kēlā me kēia niho convex a me nā niho liʻiliʻi he 3. (58 x 3. 57 x + 3. = 345 )., 'o ka crankshaft Angle i helu 'ia e ka nui o na niho hemahema he 15. (2 x 3. + 3 x3. = 15)..2) ke kūlana hana o ka crankshaft position sensor: i ka wā e huli ai ka crankshaft position sensor me ka crankshaft, ke kumu hana o ka magnetic induction sensor, ka hōʻailona o ka rotor kēlā me kēia i hoʻohuli i ka niho convex, sensing coil e hoʻoulu i kahi emf alternating periodic (electromotive force). i ka nui a me ka liʻiliʻi loa), hoʻopuka ʻia ka coil i kahi hōʻailona uila e like me ia.No ka mea, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka rotor hōʻailona me ka niho nui e hoʻopuka i ka hōʻailona kuhikuhi, no laila ke huli ka niho nui i ke poʻo magnetic, lōʻihi ka manawa o ka uila hōʻailona, ​​ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka hōʻailona puka he hōʻailona pulse ākea, e pili ana me kekahi Angle ma mua o ka pahu 1 a i ʻole ka pahu 4 compression TDC.I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona pulse ākea i ka mana uila (ECU), hiki iā ia ke ʻike e hiki mai ana ke kūlana TDC kiʻekiʻe o ka cylinder 1 a i ʻole 4.E like me ke kūlana TDC e hiki mai ana o ka cylinder 1 a i ʻole 4, pono ia e hoʻoholo e like me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka hōʻailona mai ka sensor kūlana camshaft.No ka mea, he 58 mau niho convex ka rotor hōʻailona, ​​e hoʻopuka ka pūʻulu sensor i 58 mau hōʻailona voltage alternating no kēlā me kēia kipi o ka rotor hōʻailona (hoʻokahi hoʻololi o ka crankshaft engine). nā pulupulu i loko o ka mana uila (ECU).No laila, no kēlā me kēia 58 hōʻailona i loaʻa e ka crankshaft position sensor, ʻike ka ECU ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka crankshaft engine i hoʻokahi manawa.Inā loaʻa i ka ECU nā hōʻailona 116000 mai ka ʻike kūlana crankshaft i loko o 1min, hiki i ka ECU ke helu i ka wikiwiki o ka crankshaft n he 2000(n=116000/58=2000)r/ua;Inā loaʻa i ka ECU nā hōʻailona 290,000 i kēlā me kēia minuke mai ka mea ʻike kūlana crankshaft, helu ka ECU i ka wikiwiki crank o 5000(n= 29000/58 = 5000)r/min.Ma kēia ala, hiki i ka ECU ke helu i ka wikiwiki o ka huli ʻana o ka crankshaft e pili ana i ka helu o nā hōʻailona pulse i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia minuke mai ka crankshaft position sensor.ʻO ka hōʻailona wikiwiki o ka mīkini a me ka hōʻailona ukana ka mea nui loa a me nā hōʻailona mana o ka ʻōnaehana uila uila, hiki i ka ECU ke helu i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana hoʻokele kumu e like me kēia mau hōʻailona ʻelua: ʻo ka mua o ka injection mua Angle (manawa), ka mua o ka ignition mua Angle (manawa) a me ka hoʻoiho ʻana. ʻO ke kihi (ʻo ia ka mea mua i ka manawa). ʻO Jetta AT a me GTx, Santana 2000GSi kaʻa induction magnetic type crankshaft position sensor hōʻailona rotor i hanaʻia e ka hōʻailona e like me ka hōʻailona kuhikuhi, ECU ka mana o ka wahie injection manawa a me ka manawa i hoʻokumuʻia ma ka hōʻailona i hanaʻia. ma ka hoailona.I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ECu i ka hōʻailona i hana ʻia e ka hemahema niho nui, e hoʻomalu ia i ka manawa hoʻāla, ka manawa hoʻoheheʻe wahie a me ka manawa hoʻololi mua o kēia manawa o ka coil ignition (ʻo ia hoʻi ka conduction Angle) e like me ka hōʻailona defect niho liʻiliʻi.3) Toyota kaʻa Hoʻohana ʻo TCCS magnetic induction crankshaft a me camshaft position sensorToyota Computer Control System (1FCCS) i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka crankshaft induction magnetic a me ka sensor kūlana camshaft i hoʻololi ʻia mai ka mea hoʻolaha, aia nā ʻāpana o luna a me lalo.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o luna i ka ʻike crankshaft position reference signal (ʻo ia hoʻi ka cylinder identification a me ka hōʻailona TDC, i kapa ʻia ʻo G signal) generator;Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa i ka wikiwiki crankshaft a me ka hōʻailona kihi (i kapa ʻia ʻo Ne signal) generator.1) Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka neʻe hōʻailona Ne: Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mīkini hōʻailona ma lalo o ka mīkini hōʻailona G, ka mea nui i haku ʻia me ka rotor hōʻailona No. poʻo magnetic.Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka rotor hōʻailona ma ke kumu ʻike, ke alakaʻi ʻia ka lāʻau sensor e ka camshaft hoʻoili kinoea, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kumu i hoʻolako ʻia me ke poʻo ahi, ʻo ka rotor he 24 mau niho convex.Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke poʻo sensing coil a me ke poʻo magnetic i loko o ka hale ʻike, a paʻa ke poʻo magnetic i ka sensing coil.2) wikiwiki a me ka Angle hōʻailona hanauna kumu a me ke kaʻina hana: i ka manawa o ka crankshaft engine, nā hōʻailona hōʻailona camshaft, a laila hoʻokele i ka rotor ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana, ka rotor protruding niho a me ka ea ākea ma waena o ke poʻo magnetic e hoʻololi alternately, ʻike ʻia ka coil i ka magnetic flux e hoʻololi alternately, a laila ke kumu hana o ka magnetic induction sensor e hōʻike ana i ka sensing coil hiki ke hana i ka ikaika electromotive inductive.No ka mea he 24 mau niho convex ka rotor hōʻailona, ​​e hoʻopuka ka coil sensor i 24 mau hōʻailona hoʻololi i ka wā e huli ai ka rotor i hoʻokahi manawa.ʻO kēlā me kēia hoʻololi ʻana o ke kumu sensor (360).Ua like kēia me ʻelua hoʻololi o ka crankshaft engine (720)., no laila, ua like ka hōʻailona hoʻololi (ʻo ia hoʻi ka manawa hōʻailona) me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka crank o 30. (720. I kēia manawa 24 = 30)., ua like ia me ka huli ana o ke poo ahi 15. (30. I keia manawa 2 = 15)..Ke loaʻa iā ECU nā hōʻailona 24 mai ka mea hana hōʻailona Ne, hiki ke ʻike ʻia he ʻelua kaʻawili ʻana o ka crankshaft a ʻo ke poʻo hoʻāla i hoʻokahi manawa.Hiki i ka polokalamu kūloko ECU ke helu a hoʻoholo i ka wikiwiki o ka crankshaft engine a me ka wikiwiki o ke poʻo ignition e like me ka manawa o kēlā me kēia neʻe hōʻailona Ne.I mea e hoomalu pono ai i ka Ignition advance Angle a me ka wahie injection advance Angle, ka crankshaft Angle i nohoia e kela a me keia kaapuni hoailona (30. He uuku na kihi. He mea maʻalahi loa e hoʻokō i kēia hana e ka microcomputer, a e hōʻailona ka mea hoʻokaʻawale alapine i kēlā me kēia Ne. (Crank Angle 30). Ua mahele like ia i 30 pulse signals, a ua like kela me keia pulse me ka crank Angle 1. (30. Present 30 = 1) . Ina ua mahele like kela me keia Ne i na hoailona pulse 60, kela mea keia mea. ʻO ka hōʻailona pulse e pili ana i ka crankshaft Angle o 0.5. (30. ÷ 60= 0.5. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho kikoʻī e ka Angle precision koi a me ka hoʻolālā papahana.3) Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hōʻailona G: Hoʻohana ʻia ka mīkini hōʻailona G e ʻike i ka ʻO ke kūlana o ka piston top dead center (TDC) a ʻike i ka cylinder e kokoke ana e hōʻea i ke kūlana TDC a me nā hōʻailona kuhikuhi ʻē aʻe. No laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo G signal generator ka ʻike cylinder a me ka mea hana hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe make a i ʻole ka mea hana hōʻailona kuhikuhi.ʻO ka mea hana hōʻailona G he rotor hōʻailona No. 1, sensing coil G1, G2 a me ke poʻo magnetic, a pēlā aku.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā coils sensor G1 a me G2 e 180 degere.Ke kau nei, hoʻopuka ka G1 coil i hōʻailona e pili ana i ka ʻenekini ʻeono puʻukū compression ma luna o ke kikowaena make 10. ʻO ka hōʻailona i hana ʻia e G2 coil e like me lO ma mua o ka TDC hoʻoemi o ka cylinder mua o ka mīkini. ʻO ka loina hanauna a me ke kaʻina hana hoʻomalu: ʻo ka loina hana o ka mea hana hōʻailona G ua like ia me ka mea hana hōʻailona Ne.Ke hoʻohuli nei ka ʻenekini camshaft i ke kumu ʻike e hoʻololi ai, e hele ana ka flange o ka rotor hōʻailona G (No. 1 hōʻailona rotor) i ke poʻo magnetic o ka coil sensing i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, a hoʻololi ʻia ka ea ma waena o ka flange rotor a me ke poʻo magnetic. , a e hoʻokomo ʻia ka hōʻailona ikaika electromotive i loko o ka coil sensing Gl a me G2.Ke kokoke ka ʻāpana flange o ka rotor hōʻailona G i ke poʻo magnetic o ka sensing coil G1, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hōʻailona pulse maikaʻi i ka sensing coil G1, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo G1 hōʻailona, ​​no ka mea, e emi ana ka ea ma waena o ka flange a me ke poʻo magnetic, piʻi ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka magnetic a maikaʻi ka loli.Ke kokoke ka ʻāpana flange o ka rotor hōʻailona G i ka coil sensing G2, e emi ana ka ea ma waena o ka flange a me ke poʻo magnetic a piʻi aʻe ka puʻu magnetic.